fashion?我們一般理解的意思是”時(shí)髦，時(shí)尚”，但在學(xué)術(shù)類(lèi)文章里它通常不是這個(gè)意思，例如：
Dinosaurs were killed off?in a rapid and brutal fashion?by cataclysmic conditions that swept the world following the Chicxulub impact. （2021 年托福閱讀真題）
在這個(gè)句子中，fashion?的意思是“（某種特殊的）方式”（實(shí)際上，所謂的”時(shí)髦”也就是”一種特殊的穿衣方式），一般以短語(yǔ)in (a) … fashion的形式出現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)在較正式的語(yǔ)境中。例如：
His friends noticed that he was behaving in a strange fashion. [=behaving strangely]他的朋友注意到，他的行為很奇怪。
所以最開(kāi)始的例句意思是：
Dinosaurs were killed off?in a rapid and brutal fashion?by cataclysmic conditions that swept the world following the Chicxulub impact. （2021 年托福閱讀真題）恐龍是在?？颂K魯伯隕石撞擊后席卷世界的大災(zāi)難中以快速和殘酷的方式死亡的。
fashion除了作名詞，還可以作動(dòng)詞，表示“制作，塑造”。實(shí)際上這個(gè)詞來(lái)自于拉丁文?facere，意思就是“do, make”。例如：
Stone Age settlers fashioned necklaces from sheep’s teeth.石器時(shí)代的移居者用羊的牙做成項(xiàng)鏈。
這個(gè)用法在托福中也出現(xiàn)過(guò)：
Although these men?fashioned?and fired the ceramics, others were employed to paint the more elaborate figural vases. (TPO 59)雖然這些人負(fù)責(zé)制作和燒制陶瓷，但其他人則受雇為更精致的人物花瓶作畫(huà)。
fashion?常見(jiàn)的衍生詞有 ：
1??fashionable，”時(shí)髦的，流行的”，例如：
Tea first became fashionable after the king of England married a Portuguese princess who loved tea. （TPO 53 Lecture 3）
2???old-fashioned?“過(guò)時(shí)的”，相當(dāng)于?out-dated，例如：
Unfortunately, many of the original stained glass windows were thought to be old-fashioned and they were actually destroyed, replaced by painted glass. (TPO 16 Lecture 4)
